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Its an old school belief that when it comes to starting a family, fertility issues are just a woman’s concern. However, science has proven that fertility is a shared responsibility, and many factors, from age to lifestyle, can impact both men and women. Understanding these factors and making adjustments to your lifestyle can help to make a difference when you’re trying to conceive.

While many are familiar with the idea that fertility declines in your late 30s, it’s crucial to know that the decline in both egg and sperm quality can begin much earlier, says Dr Rohan Palshetkar, Head of Unit Bloom IVF, Professor, Dept of OBGy, DY Patil School of Medicine. "Egg quality and sperm health don’t wait for your 30s. They can start to diminish as early as your late 20s," he adds.

While the impact of ageing is more noticeable in women due to the natural decline in the number and quality of oocytes (eggs), men aren’t immune either. “Factors like age and lifestyle choices can reduce sperm count, motility, and even DNA integrity long before you might expect,” Dr Palshetkar warns.

Also read | 9 main culprits of infertility: From lifestyle to genetics

Lifestyle matters:

Fertility isn’t just about age. Lifestyle choices, too, play a  role. “Lifestyle factors like stress, sleep, diet, and smoking have a direct impact on fertility. Stress, for instance, can disrupt hormonal balance, affecting ovulation in women and testosterone levels in men, which can, in turn, impact sperm production,” Similarly, both being overweight and underweight can interfere with hormone levels, affecting ovulation and sperm production. Getting adequate sleep is equally important, as irregular sleep can also throw off hormonal balance. What you eat and avoiding toxins like alcohol and cigarettes are also critical for maintaining fertility,” Dr Palshetkar notes.

These 9 factors, says Dr Palshetkar, can impact your fertility: 

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